What is Closed Method (Minimal Invasive) Cardiac Surgery?
Closed method (minimal invasive) cardiac surgery is a surgical procedure performed using smaller incisions or punctures compared to traditional cardiac surgery techniques. The aim of this method is to eliminate the need to open the chest and directly visualize the heart. Minimal invasive cardiac surgery is often applied with specialized techniques such as laparoscopic surgery or endoscopic surgery.
What are the Diseases Treated with Closed Method (Minimal Invasive) Surgery?
Some examples of closed method (minimal invasive) cardiac surgery include:
- Closed Method (Minimal Invasive) Coronary Bypass Surgery: Performed to treat blockages in the heart arteries. While the traditional method involves opening the chest, this procedure is carried out with smaller incisions in minimal invasive surgery.
- Closed Method (Minimal Invasive) Cardiac Valve Surgery: A procedure used to treat issues with heart valves. It can be performed with smaller incisions compared to traditional surgery.
- Closed Method (Minimal Invasive) Aortic Surgery: Used for the repair or replacement of the aorta. In this procedure, smaller incisions are preferred over traditional surgery.
- Closed Method (Endoscopic) Interventional Cardiac Surgery: Interventional cardiac surgery generally refers to a less invasive (minimal invasive) surgical approach compared to traditional methods of open-heart surgery. These surgical interventions often involve procedures conducted with a catheter and generally do not require a large chest incision.
What are the Closed Method (Minimal Invasive) Surgical Techniques?
Closed method refers to small incision cardiac surgeries, performed using a minimal invasive approach. These methods are less invasive than traditional open-heart surgery, potentially accelerating the patient’s recovery and reducing the risk of complications.
During these surgeries, the surgeon makes a small incision under the breast, in the armpit, or on the chest, and performs the heart surgery using special surgical tools and an endoscope. These methods can be performed without opening the sternum (breastbone) or with incisions as small as 3-4 cm, resulting in less tissue damage and less blood loss compared to traditional open-heart surgery, as proven by scientific studies.
Closed method small incision cardiac surgeries can be used in various cardiac surgery procedures, including:
- Cardiac valve replacement or repair
- Bypass surgery of heart vessels (coronary arteries)
- Aortic Surgery (Ascending Aorta and Aortic Root, EVAR, TEVAR)
- Repair of atrial septal defects (ASD) or ventricular septal defects (VSD)
The choice of this surgical method depends on the patient’s condition and surgical requirements. However, it may not be suitable for every patient, and the suitability of this method is determined by the evaluation of the surgical team.
Closed method small incision cardiac surgeries generally offer a faster recovery process, less pain, and shorter hospital stays compared to traditional open-heart surgery. However, like any surgery, this method has its own risks and potential complications. It is essential for your surgeon to provide detailed information about this method before the surgery.
Interventional Cardiac Surgery Procedures
Interventional cardiac surgery may be preferred for certain situations because it can accelerate the patient’s recovery, reduce pain, and shorten hospital stays. These surgical interventions generally fall into the following categories:
- Catheter-Based Interventions (EVAR/TEVAR): Involves procedures conducted by placing a thin catheter into the heart vessels or the heart itself. Examples include angioplasty and stent placement procedures. Angioplasty is a procedure to widen a narrowed artery, and a stent can be used to keep the widened artery open.
- Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement (TAVI): In this procedure, the replacement of the aortic valve, which usually requires open-heart surgery, is performed through a catheter.
What are the Advantages of Closed Method (Minimal Invasive) Surgery?
Minimal invasive cardiac surgery can offer several advantages compared to traditional surgery. Factors such as smaller incisions, less blood loss, shorter hospital stays, rapid recovery, and a lower risk of infection contribute to the preference for this method. However, every patient and situation is unique, so the choice of surgical method is determined based on the patient’s characteristics and surgical requirements.
Is Cardiac Surgery with Closed Method (Minimal Invasive) Safe?
Yes, closed method or minimal invasive cardiac surgery is generally considered a safe option compared to traditional open-heart surgery. This method is less invasive than traditional surgery, and it is performed using smaller incisions. Minimal invasive cardiac surgery can be conducted using endoscopic or robotic techniques.
Some advantages of this method include:
- Less Tissue Damage
- Less Blood Loss
- Less Pain and Faster Recovery
- Shorter Hospital Stay
- Better Cosmetic Results
However, minimal invasive cardiac surgery may not be suitable for every patient, and in some cases, traditional open-heart surgery may be preferred. Your surgeon can provide the best advice on the most suitable surgical method for your condition. It is important to consult with a specialist to evaluate whether a method like minimal invasive cardiac surgery is suitable for you.
Who is not a Candidate for Closed Method (Minimal Invasive) Surgery?
Closed method or minimal invasive surgery may not be suitable for every patient, and in some cases, traditional open surgery may be preferred. Some situations where the closed method is not applied or needs careful evaluation include:
- High-Risk Patients: Closed method surgery may not be suitable for some high-risk cases. Patients with severe coronary artery disease, severe heart valve diseases, or other serious heart problems may not be suitable for minimal invasive surgery.
- Individuals with Chronic Lung Diseases: Closed method surgery may not be preferred in some patients with chronic lung diseases, as it may affect respiratory functions.
- Patients who Recently Underwent Heart Surgery: Patients who have recently undergone open-heart surgery may not be suitable for minimal invasive surgery.
- Insufficient Training and Experience: Closed method surgery should be performed by an experienced surgeon and surgical team. In cases of insufficient training or experience, minimal invasive surgery may pose risks and should not be preferred.
- Patients with High Complication Risks: In some patients, minimal invasive surgery may increase the risk of complications. Careful evaluation is required, especially in patients with vascular problems or a tendency for bleeding.
Postoperative Care and Follow-ups for Closed Method (Minimal Invasive) Surgery
Postoperative care and follow-ups for closed method or minimal invasive surgery are crucial to support the patient’s recovery and early detection of potential complications.
- Hospital Stay: The hospital stay after closed method surgery is generally shorter, but it may vary depending on the type of surgical procedure, the patient’s overall health, and the recovery rate.
- Pain Management: Postoperative pain may be less in minimal invasive surgery, but it still requires management. Pain relief is achieved through prescribed painkillers and other medications.
- Wound Care: Regular wound care is necessary for the healing of the surgical incision. Follow the wound care instructions provided by your doctor to expedite the healing process.
- Drainage: In some cases, a drainage tube is placed to drain fluids from the surgical area. It is important to follow your doctor’s instructions for the care and emptying of the drainage tube.
- Physical Activity: Gradually increase your postoperative physical activities according to your doctor’s recommendations. Initially, rest and light activities may be advised.
- Nutrition: Postoperative nutrition is essential to support the recovery process. Follow a healthy nutrition program recommended by your doctor.
- Medications: Use postoperative medications regularly and as directed by your doctor.
- Follow-up Checks: Regular follow-up checks after surgery are essential. During these checks, your surgeon will assess the healing process of the surgical area and monitor for possible complications.
- Monitoring Complications: Possible postoperative complications, such as infection, blood clotting, drainage issues, and other surgical complications, should be carefully monitored by your doctor.
Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ) About Mitral Valve Surgery
1- How Many Hours Does Closed Chest Method Heart Surgery Take ?
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2- Which Type of Anesthesia is Used for Closed Method Heart Surgeries ?
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3- How Many Hours Does Heart Surgery with Sub-breast Incision Take?
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4- How Long Should You Stay in the Hospital After Under Breast Incision Heart Surgery ?
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5- What kind of checks are performed after small armpit incision heart surgery?
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6- For which age groups is Armpit Small Incision Heart Surgery Suitable?
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7- How Long Does a Small Incision in the Chest Cage (Mini-Sternotomy) Heart Surgery Take?
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8- How to Care for Wounds After Heart Surgery with a Small Incision in the Rib Cage?
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